Tiger Catfish

Adults can reach up to 50 cm in length. However, fish offered for sale are typically 15–18 cm. It is not uncommon for aquarists, mistaken about their final size, to acquire these seemingly small catfish and then face housing problems as they grow. The catfish has an elongated, slender body and a characteristic flat, broad head, on which long, sensitive whisker-like barbels are located, serving as the primary organ of touch. The eyes of these fish are quite small and do not play a significant role in conditions of poor lighting or high water turbidity. The body features a color pattern of narrow dark vertical or oblique stripes, which can sometimes break into spots. The main body background is pale cream.

The natural habitat of this catfish covers the upper reaches of the Amazon River basin in Brazil and Peru. In these areas, it prefers river sections with fast and turbulent currents, often finding shelter in deep water, at the base of waterfalls and rapids. Unlike adults, juveniles choose calm, shallow areas with abundant aquatic vegetation for living.

Despite its carnivorous nature, this catfish exhibits a peaceful and calm disposition, remaining safe for other species of comparable size. When choosing tank mates, preference should be given to fish that tolerate strong water movement well.

For a single specimen, the optimal aquarium volume starts from 1000 L. A key aspect of keeping them is creating strong water movement, which helps simulate natural habitat conditions. The aquarium decor must be appropriate: delicate structures or live plants are out of the question. It is recommended to use a sand-gravel substrate with accumulations of large stones, boulders, and massive snags. The size and diet of the Tiger Catfish lead to significant waste production. To maintain high water quality, it is necessary to refresh 50–70% of the water volume weekly, regularly clean the aquarium, and equip it with all necessary equipment, primarily a powerful filtration system.

As a carnivorous species, in its natural environment, the catfish feeds on both live and dead fish. In aquarium conditions, it readily accepts pieces of white fish meat, as well as freshwater shrimp and mussels. It should be remembered that at the first opportunity, it will certainly eat any unwary tank inhabitants if they can fit into its mouth.

Breeding of these fish does not occur in artificial environments. For commercial purposes, juveniles are either caught in the wild or raised in specialized farms located on the dammed banks of rivers. In the Amazon, two main periods are clearly defined: the dry season and the rainy season, the latter leading to temporary flooding of parts of the tropical forests. In natural conditions, spawning begins at the end of the dry season, usually in November. Unlike other members of their genus, such as the Gold Zebra Catfish, these fish do not migrate to flooded areas to lay eggs. This particular feature allows for their breeding directly in their native habitats.

When kept in favorable conditions, fish rarely experience health deterioration. The occurrence of diseases usually indicates problems in keeping, such as polluted water, poor quality food, or injuries. In most cases, eliminating the root cause leads to recovery. However, sometimes medication may be required. Detailed information on symptoms and treatment methods can be found in the section "Diseases of aquarium fish."

When purchasing, choose active individuals with clean skin without visible damage, ulcers, or signs of fungal infections, which often occur when fish are injured by aquarium walls. It is important to ensure that the catfish shows no signs of emaciation and that its breathing is even. Since juveniles measuring 15–18 cm are most often available for sale, it is necessary to prepare an aquarium of appropriate volume in advance, as the fish grows quickly. It is recommended to clarify the keeping conditions and diet with the seller, and also to check the fish's reaction to food — healthy individuals show interest in food.