Sucker Catfish

Adult female catfish reach a length of up to 4.5 cm, while males are usually smaller and rarely exceed 3.5 cm. Otherwise, sexual dimorphism is weakly expressed, so determining the sex in a group of fish of different ages can be very difficult. They can look almost identical. Their coloration is silvery, with a large dark pattern. The fins and tail are translucent, adorned with black strokes.

The natural habitat of this species is in Peru, South America. It is found in the basins of the Ucayali (lower reaches) and Marañón rivers, all the way to their mouth. These fish prefer areas with slow currents in the main river channel and its tributaries, staying predominantly near the banks among dense aquatic vegetation.

This is a calm and peaceful fish that gets along well with other non-aggressive species of similar size. For such a modest catfish, large and overly active neighbors will not be the best company. It is advisable to keep them in a group of at least 6–8 individuals.

For a group consisting of 6–8 individuals, an aquarium of 40 liters or more will be suitable. The aquascape should include many shelters, such as snags and other decorative elements, as well as areas with dense vegetation. The presence of natural wood, such as roots and branches, will not only be aesthetically appealing but will also provide a basis for algae growth, offering an additional food source. This species is considered quite unpretentious, provided stable water conditions and regular aquarium maintenance, including water changes and the removal of organic waste, are maintained.

The sucker catfish is an absolute vegetarian; its diet consists exclusively of plant-based food. In an aquarium environment, it can be fed chopped vegetables such as spinach, zucchini, or cucumber. Specialized foods for herbivorous fish in the form of sinking flakes or pellets, made from dried algae, are also suitable. In addition, this catfish will gladly eat algae that forms on aquarium glass, plant leaves, and decorative elements, thereby cleaning them. It is safe for most decorative aquatic plants.

Breeding in home aquariums is difficult and occurs spontaneously when there is a healthy group of fish in a stable environment. Simulating the rainy season through a slight decrease in water temperature can serve as a stimulus. The female lays a small number of sticky eggs on plant leaves or glass. Parents do not show care for their offspring and may eat the eggs. Newly hatched fry need an aquarium with an abundance of biofilm on surfaces to survive.

The main cause of most diseases in Leaf Fish is unsuitable keeping conditions and poor-quality nutrition. If initial symptoms are observed, it is first necessary to check water parameters and the concentration of dangerous substances such as ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates. If the indicators deviate from the norm, they should be brought back into order, and only then should treatment begin. More detailed information on symptoms and treatment methods can be found in the "Aquarium Fish Diseases" section.

When purchasing, choose active individuals with a rounded, but not bloated, belly. It is important to avoid fish with sunken bellies, as this often indicates emaciation and problems adapting to artificial foods. It is recommended to acquire individuals that show interest in foraging on decorations or glass, and to avoid sluggish fish lying motionless on the bottom. It is advisable to acquire a group of 6 or more individuals to reduce stress levels during relocation.