Alkaline Cichlid

Adults reach approximately 11 cm in length. Their coloration has yellowish hues. Males are easily distinguished by their dark fins and bluish iridescent scales on their bodies. Females appear more modest, with gray as their dominant color.

The origin of this fish is linked to the African continent, specifically the border area between Tanzania and Kenya, in the regions of Lake Natron and Lake Shompole. Its natural habitats include rivers and streams connected to these lakes, as well as some lagoons and marshy areas. The environment here is characterized by high mineralization and alkalinity of the water, due to the presence of numerous hot springs. These fish can often be found in brackish waters at temperatures around 50°C. The lakes themselves are unique natural objects, possessing extremely high salinity, significantly exceeding that of the sea. During periods of drought, a thick crust of salt forms on their shores, and the water acquires a red tint due to the rapid development of Artemia brine shrimp colonies.

Males exhibit pronounced territoriality, jealously defending their bottom territory from other males. In a spacious aquarium, given their small size, peaceful coexistence of several male individuals is quite possible. Females, in turn, show a more peaceful disposition and get along well with each other. Due to the special requirements for water composition, selecting compatible species for cohabitation is extremely difficult. Similar living conditions would be lethal for most other fish.

For a small group of 3–4 fish, an aquarium of at least 100 liters will be required. For decor, sandy substrate with several large stones or boulders is preferred. Live plants are not essential, as they are not typical for the natural habitat of the Alkaline Cichlid. The main difficulty in keeping this species is recreating the mineral composition of the water characteristic of Lake Natron. Although the fish can adapt to softer conditions over time, they still require elevated water alkalinity (pH no less than 8.0) and high carbonate hardness. When purchasing, it is crucial to clarify the conditions in which the fish were kept, to reproduce them as closely as possible in the home aquarium.

In natural conditions, the diet of these fish consists mainly of algae and zooplankton. When kept in an aquarium, foods enriched with plant components, such as dry flakes or granules of appropriate size, should be offered. The fish will also readily accept live or frozen treats, such as brine shrimp.

Under favorable conditions, breeding becomes quite feasible if several representatives of both sexes are kept in the aquarium. With the onset of the breeding season, males dig small depressions in the substrate, actively inviting females. When a female accepts courtship, she lays eggs in the pit, awaiting fertilization. After this, the female takes the eggs into her mouth and goes in search of a new partner. As a result, eggs from one clutch can have different fathers. The eggs develop in the female's mouth for approximately two weeks until the fry emerge. This mechanism of offspring protection, evolutionarily developed in response to the aggressive external environment, is not unique and is characteristic of many species in the Cichlidae family.

The main cause of diseases often lies in the keeping conditions: if they go beyond acceptable limits, immunity decreases, making the fish vulnerable to various infections inevitably present in the environment. At the first suspicion of illness, it is important first of all to check the water parameters and ensure there are no dangerous concentrations of nitrogen cycle products. Often, restoring normal, suitable conditions promotes recovery. However, in some cases, medication may be required. Detailed information on symptoms and treatment methods is presented in the "Aquarium Fish Diseases" section.

Acquiring this species requires a conscious approach, as these fish are highly specialized extremophiles. When purchasing, attention should be paid to the activity of the individuals and the absence of visible damage to scales or fins. It is important to clarify the keeping conditions with the seller, as a sudden transfer from standard aquarium parameters to water with extremely high pH and salinity can be detrimental.

• Avoid purchasing fish with signs of emaciation or sunken bellies.
• Check for clear eyes and the absence of film on the body.
• Ensure there are no signs of stress, such as apathetic hovering near the surface, unless caused by transport specifics.
• Prefer individuals that show natural territoriality and interest in food.