Peacock Gudgeon

Adults typically reach about 7 cm in length. Sexual dimorphism in this species is weakly expressed. Differences between males and females become noticeable mainly during the spawning period. At this time, males develop a characteristic nuchal hump, which gives them an unusual appearance, reflected in the name "Goby." Another distinguishing feature is the structure of the dorsal fin, which is divided into two parts. This feature indicates their kinship with Rainbowfish, also found in the Australian region. The body coloration is blue, with yellow hues and a pattern of irregular red strokes and stripes.

Its natural habitat is the island of Papua New Guinea, located near Australia. The Peacock Gudgeon is found in lowland rivers and small lakes in the eastern part of the island, among tropical forests. It prefers shallow areas of water bodies with a soft substrate.

This species is territorial but coexists perfectly with various peaceful fish of comparable size. Excellent tank mates include Rainbowfish, Tetras, Rasboras, as well as Corydoras catfish and other similar species. The Peacock Gudgeon can be kept alone or in a group. When kept in a group, it is important to provide enough hiding places for each individual.

For keeping one or two Peacock Gudgeons, an aquarium of at least 40 liters will be required. The fish feel comfortable in soft water with a slightly acidic reaction and an abundance of aquatic plants. A dark substrate, floating plants on the surface, and subdued lighting will help create a favorable habitat. It is important to provide enough hiding places, which can be snags or dense thickets of plants. If suitable secluded spots are not available, the fish will seek refuge near aquarium equipment or in corners. Since gudgeons are known for their jumping ability, the aquarium must be equipped with a reliable lid to prevent accidental jumps. Regular aquarium care includes standard procedures: weekly partial water changes with fresh water and cleaning the substrate and decorations from organic waste.

Although these fish can eat dry foods, they prefer live and frozen foods such as bloodworms, daphnia, and brine shrimp. A high protein content in their diet contributes to a brighter display of their coloration.

Breeding Peacock Gudgeons is not particularly difficult. The main task is to select a suitable pair. These fish are demanding in their choice of partner. A solution can be to acquire an already formed pair or to purchase a group of young individuals who will choose their own partners as they mature. The beginning of the breeding period is easily noticed by males, who develop a characteristic nuchal hump. The male occupies one of the shelters and begins courting. Noticing a ready-to-spawn female swimming by, he tries to attract her into his shelter, sometimes showing persistence. When the female is ready to reproduce, she accepts the courtship and lays dozens of eggs in the chosen shelter. After this, the female leaves the shelter, and the male takes on the care and protection of the future offspring. His role is limited to a short incubation period, lasting up to 2 days. After another couple of days, the fry begin to swim freely. From this moment, they should be transferred to a separate tank to avoid being eaten by other inhabitants.

Health problems usually arise only as a result of injuries or keeping in unsuitable conditions, which leads to a weakening of the immune system and, as a rule, provokes the development of various diseases. At the first signs of illness, the primary task is to check the water parameters for excesses or dangerous concentrations of toxic substances (nitrates, nitrites, ammonia, etc.). After bringing all indicators back to normal, treatment can begin. More detailed information on symptoms and treatment methods is presented in the "Aquarium Fish Diseases" section.

When choosing a Peacock Gudgeon, pay attention to the fish's overall activity and appearance. Healthy individuals should show curiosity, swim in the water column or inspect the bottom, rather than constantly hiding in the corners of the aquarium. Avoid specimens with signs of emaciation, fin damage, spots on the body, or heavy breathing. It is advisable to observe feeding: healthy fish show interest in food and actively eat it.

• choose individuals with bright, rich coloration characteristic of the species
• check for the absence of cloudy eyes or signs of skin parasites
• prefer fish that do not appear intimidated or suppressed by tank mates
• if possible, purchase a group of 6–8 young individuals to ensure natural pair formation and social behavior