Aulonocara multicolor

Males exhibit a variegated and vibrant body coloration, including yellow, orange, red, blue, and black spots. The diversity of colors is very wide: each fish has a unique, inimitable pattern. Females also have similar patterns, but their coloration appears noticeably paler. The size of adult individuals ranges from 12 to 17 cm or more, which is determined by the specific species involved in the breeding.

Aulonocara multicolor is a selectively bred form obtained through the hybridization of various species of the genus Aulonocara, therefore this species is not found in natural waters. The natural ancestors of these fish are endemics of Lake Malawi (Nyasa) in East Africa, predominantly inhabiting areas with sandy bottoms or rocky biotopes at depths of 5 to 30 meters. In nature, these cichlids prefer hard, alkaline water with a high content of dissolved oxygen.

Although Aulonocara multicolor carries the genes of Mbuna cichlids, known for their aggressive temperament, it has still retained the behavioral model of its direct ancestors. In a spacious, uncrowded aquarium, it is considered a relatively peaceful fish. These fish are compatible with other congeners, representatives of the Utaka cichlid group, and other species capable of tolerating an alkaline environment. In large tanks, from 1000 liters, cohabitation with Mbuna is permissible. In smaller aquariums, it is advisable to limit the number of males, as they may show excessive hostility towards each other in confined spaces.

The requirements for keeping these fish are similar to the conditions for other Aulonocara species. A group of 3–5 individuals will require an aquarium of 250–300 liters. The decor can be quite simple, including sandy, gravel, or combined substrate with rock formations. The latter are used to create caves and grottoes, serving as shelters or a territorial center for the dominant male. Aquatic plants are not an essential element, but if desired, several undemanding species with well-developed root systems capable of growing in an alkaline environment can be placed. It is important to remember that fish can uproot plants from the substrate, often damaging them. For long-term keeping, maintaining the hydrochemical composition of the water with high pH and dGH values is critical. Regular aquarium maintenance depends on its technical equipment. In most cases, the aquarist needs to perform procedures at least twice: changing water and removing organic waste (food remains, excrement). Usually, these two procedures are combined and performed once a week.

The daily diet of these fish should include a large amount of protein components, supplemented with some plant additives. Specialized foods for Aulonocara, produced by many manufacturers in the form of flakes and granules, will be a good choice. As supplementary food, live or frozen artemia, bloodworms, daphnia, and similar products can be offered.

The breeding process for these fish is similar to other representatives of the genus. With the onset of the breeding season, the male begins to actively court the female, sometimes excessively persistently. To disperse his attention, it is recommended to keep 4–6 females in the company. Females incubate fertilized eggs in their mouths for protection. The incubation period lasts 2–3 weeks, which is the most vulnerable time. If females are attacked by other aquarium inhabitants, especially the male, this can hinder the gestation of offspring. Being a hybrid, Aulonocara multicolor can interbreed with other representatives of the genus, which can lead to a deterioration of the color characteristics of the population.

The main threat to fish health is unsuitable keeping conditions. Poor nutrition, injuries, as well as low pH and dGH values provoke the appearance of various diseases. If the first symptoms are detected, it is necessary first to check the hydrochemical composition of the water and ensure the absence of dangerous concentrations of nitrogen cycle products. Often, eliminating external causes contributes to recovery. If the symptoms persist, medicinal treatment will be required. More detailed information can be found in the "Aquarium Fish Diseases" section.

When purchasing, choose active fish with clean skin, without signs of damage, ulcers, or white spots. It is important to pay attention to the condition of the eyes and fins: they should be intact, without signs of rot or deformities. It is recommended to avoid individuals with sunken bellies or unnaturally bloated abdomens, as this may indicate internal diseases or emaciation. In the store, fish should show curiosity and an adequate reaction to food; sluggish individuals or those constantly hiding in a corner may be signs of stress or illness.